THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 5.1 AND 7.1

The difference between 5.1 and 7.1 channels

5.1 and 7.1 are multiple channel audio formats.

5.1 has 6 channels and 7.1 has 8 channels.

The channels in 5.1 are 
left 
right 
center 
low frequency effects
left
surround
right surround

7.1 has two additional channels more than 5.1 channels 

The channels in 7.1 are 

left 
right 
center
lower frequency effects
left surround
right surround
left rear surround 
Right rear surround  

Surround placements of speaker should be in particular angle from the listener in 5.1 

the left channel is placed at -30 degree
center channel is placed at 0 degree.
right channel is placed at 30 degree.
left surround channel is placed at minus 110 degree.
right sound channel is placed at 110 degree.

In 7.1 

• left surround channel is placed at minus 90 degree 
• right surround channel is placed at 90 degree 
• left surround rear will be placed at minus 150 degree
• and right surround rear is placed at 150 degree

While exporting in Davinci resolve many had doubts about the differences between 5.1 film and 5.1. Not only in 5.1 case confusion also arises in 7.1 vs 7.1 film

In film 5.1 will be recorded in the order  

• L c r Ls rs and Lfe for 5.1
• L c r Ls rs Lsr rsr lfe for 7.1

DTS 5.1 were given in compact disks in

• l r ls rs c and lfe orders

DTS 7.1 has two orders that is

• l c r ls rs lsr rsr lfe  
• l r c lfe ls rs lsr and rsr

Dolby and SMPTE adapted the order

• l r c lfe ls rs for 5.1
• l r c lfe ls rs lsr rss for 7.1
  

Currently, we are using the SMPTE order.

For 7.1 there is another song format called SDDS which is totally different from general.

7.1 that is l lc c rc r ls rs lfe

lc is left center
rc is right center

You can see even the angles of speaker positions are different from regular dolby,dts,sdds .

All three can be encoded in one film print. If there is any issues in systems of dolby dds or sdds then the sound will get played from analog in film.

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HANDLING DIRECTOR'S NIGHTMARE CONTINUITY ERRORS

The continuity errors and how it was made unnoticeable.

Each and every filmmaker works hard to deliver good movie .Their insecure feel increases if they see their continuity errors in the edit if you are director and you made a mistake don't panic,there are some survival tricks and this article will help you to learn .

Beginner or experienced that doesn't matter mistakes can be done by any director i give you examples from your highly loved movies.

First one is "Transformers-Dark of the moon". Most of the people seen the highway chase scene plenty of times but i am sure that most people never aware of any continuity errors.

In this scene first they the missed spatial continuity which is the establishment of the geography.

For maintaining spatial quantity for place and character position 180 degree rule is used

 

A circle has 360 degrees after recording a shot cinematographer can shoot from anywhere inside the semicircle where he shot the first shot and he should not position the camera in other semicircle to capture because doing that will collapse establishment  and distract the

audience.If a person runs from left to right then that action should follow in other shots.

If the 180 degree rule is not followed then the person will appear running from right to left which will make the audience to think that the person is going back to the place where he started in the scene.In this scene they had totally crossed the line of action .Even that is not the big issue over here.The issue is they changed the whole set just notice the direction of the board.It was upside down position in before shot .

Now it is straight.After the parallel jump of the cars you can see board is facing us it is supposed to face the other direction .

There is also logic error that the direction of the travel is changed.From the picture you can see the actual direction of cars,how the consecutive shots need to be shown and how it is shown .The problem here is not only the 180 degree rule there is also logic error in the direction of the cars which were jumped from the sign board .These two cars needed to follow the first car but they were moving illogically in other direction but when you are watching the movie in theater you may not notice it .

Another example from one of the most loved movie "The dark knight".Notice the clean floor .

In later shots you can see the junk on the floor.

Notice the dead person under the van.

Now he is not there.Audience can extremely engage with the movie if the mood,emotional impact on audience and presentation of story is mastered perfectly.

They will miss the continuity errors if they engaged more.In addition to the mood set and story the eye for noticing will become blind totally if the temporal continuity is wisely handled.

Temporal continuity of the dominant subject in the frame creates illusion of continuation .Other than edit even the best performance and attractive visuals will engage audience to the core ..

So don't feel insecure because of your accidental mistakes.Other than overthinking your mistakes work wisely to make your story presentation better. Continuity errors can be made unnoticeable if we made audience to get engaged with

    Emotional impact
    Story
    Presentation
    Attractive visuals,temporal
    Continuity performances of character.

If the continuity errors are noticeable more then the only solution is sending the shot to the vfx or you need to go for reshoot which will cost you a lot of money .

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Watch the video to get clear idea.

IMAX -THE MAXIMUM IMAGE CHARISHMA

 

 

"IMAX"It stands for “Image Maximum"."IMAX" is perhaps, the most popular movie format  all over the world.The movie watching experience is enhanced in imax and that is the reason behind higher ticket prices in IMAX.

IMAX  gained popularity much later in the 2000s.IMAX screens are six times larger than regular theater screens.

IMAX uses 40% larger screens and a 26% taller aspect ratio.In future dolby vision can compete IMAX.Laser projectors can do 4K digital projection to the huge screen in rec 2020 colour space.

IMAX has the 1.90:1 aspect ratio.Currently in 2022 we have more than 1,500 IMAX theatres in more than 80 countries.

Imax has 12 channel surround sound speakers with 4 overhead speakers.

IMAX’s sound system is also good..

Shooting with IMAX are very expensive. Marvels "Avengers Infinity War" was the first movie shot entirely using IMAX cameras because it fits the storytelling they want to achieve in the film and production have enough money to spend.

Imax Digital 3D offers better quality with the image seemingly popping out of the picture.Just watch any disney movie like jungle book in IMAX to understand the full potential of IMAX experience.

IMAX Projectors
 IMAX uses a proprietary laser projection technology that delivers a rec2020 colour space which is a wider color gamut than what we usually see in standard or digital formats.Laser IMAX projector uses Rec.2020 colour space which has more colors than general theatre colour space.IMAX projectors are closer to the screen to make visual crisp, clear, and smoother.

IMAX completes the immersive cinematic experience by using a sophisticated speaker setup that isn’t possible in many theaters.Every IMAX theater has a different sound setup, custom-built to adapt to the varying factors that can affect sound quality.

The visual quality of IMAX 3D is much higher, bringing in an engaging experience.With its crystal clear images up to eight stories high, and wrap-around digital surround sound IMAX gives you an outstanding experience.

 

IMAX theaters - We need to send DPX files to IMAX so that IMAX could go through their process to make the IMAX Digital DCP.Keep in mind general digital cinema colour space is dci-p3 but IMAX digital cinema colour space is rec.2020.

  A Digital Cinema Package (DCP) is a collection of digital files used to project digital cinema. 

1.    Export your film as a 16-bit TIFF,dpx or j2k sequence.
2.    Use free, open source DCP software to convert the TIFF sequence into JPEG 2000.(Now di technicians export j2k files directly from color grading software).
3.    The DCP software then wraps the video (JPEG2000) and audio (WAV) in to MXF files.

IMAX laser projector can project 4k in 1.9 aspect ratio so the required resolution is 4096x2156(4096/1.9=2155.78).Kindly search dcstechie yash to see this blog on google search.

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PROCEDURE TO HANDLE VFX POST PRODUCTION

Before starting vfx works final edited version of movie  should be locked .If the movie sequence isn’t  locked down before starting vfx then we may lose many vfx shots.
 
Destination timecode. & Source timecode is very important.

 The destination timecode is simply when, in time, the shot appears in the movie.Movie will be sent in reels(two reeler) i.e divided parts of the movie.The source timecode is simply where the shot appears in the original footage.In offline conversion we need to get offline rush with source timecode and clipname. The vfx artist needs reference of full scene if vfx requires continuity.

For Rig removal(wires etc.)  you need not to show in sequence. Vfx sequence should have previz if you are shooting some movie like gravity.

Generally 10bit DPX files is used in log profile for delivering VFX elements.Keep the camera’s Log colour profile don't change it to linear.Half sized quick time movies are great for online reviews.These can be supplied to the client with water mark.Final delivery of vfx should be in log.

A good naming can help prevent confusion and mental tortures during deadline.

 ·         i means input (input to VFX system)
·         YAS is the project name.
·         SNO is the vfx shot number.
·         BG the plate name.
·         v01 is the version.
·         000029 the frame number
·         dpx is the file type
.        R1 is the reel no

i is for Input. Shots sent from the conformists to VFX department have names like this:

i_YAS_R1_15_BG_v01
i_YAS_R2_20_E1_v02
i_YAS_R3_30_E2_v01
o is for output.
When the VFX team send a composite back to the editor they will name like this

o_YAS_R1_25_v03
o_YAS_R1_30_v07
e is for vfx element. This is the layer created by vfx team
e_YAS_R1_15_beautypass_v01
e_YAS_R1_10_Smoke_v02
e_YAS_R1_02_PFX_v01

So original footage coming into the vfx pipeling from editorial is an input. Shots going out of vfx to editorial reference or finalized vfx version is an output and we need to name everything else as element.

Input layers example
i_YAS_R1_14_BG_v01
i_YAS_R2_05_E1_v02
i_YAS_R1_15_E2_v01
‘BG’ is the background plate.Extra layers can simply be labled as ‘E1’, ‘E2’, ‘E3’ etc.
Sometimes layers can be named as L1,L2,L3.....etc
Footage in vfx are handled using image sequence files
I_YAS_R1_14_BG_V01.000001.DPX
I_YAS_R1_14_BG_V01.000002.DPX
I_YAS_R1_14_BG_V01.000003.DPX
I_YAS_R1_14_BG_V01…etc
Sometimes the conformists prefer not to use the i,o, or e for relinking purpose.

The VFX editor co ordinates with editor and vfx departments.

Asst editors need to create temp VFX to avoid confusion..
The visual effects list is needed to make budgets.

Vfx file info sequence can be sent with an EDL,AAF,XML or an avid bin to conformists to distribute vfx shots.

Added visual effects should be converted to log or mattes needed to colour correct properly

Dont pressurize vfx technicians which collapse their patience in work.Vfx technicians output quality depends on patience of VFX technician

Be knowledgeable about deadlines. Give people warnings about deadlines  but dont make it as torture.

 You must keep your composure.  All information runs though you, and therefore you have the power to prevent mistakes through good co-ordination. Kindly search dcstechie yash to see this blog on google search.

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